Supplements that raise nitric oxide levels are very popular, but do they work. Here's what you need to know and how you can increase NO naturally.
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Nitric Oxide Benefits + How to Increase Levels Naturally
What Is Nitric Oxide?
The nitric oxide formula is NO, which means that this colorless gas is made up of one molecule of nitrogen and one molecule of oxygen. Nitric oxide, also called nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide, is produced by almost every cell of the human body. Two
amino acids, L-arginine and L-citrulline, boost nitric oxide production in the body. More specifically, the kidneys turn L-citrulline into
L-arginine, which is a precursor to nitric oxide.
What is nitric oxide?
It is considered a mediator of cell-to-cell communication and plays an
important rolein a large variety of processes in the body, including inflammation, vasodilation and neurotransmission. It’s considered to be one of the most crucial molecules when it comes to the health of our blood vessels. Nitric oxide plays a very key role in vasodilation.
What is vasodilation?
It is an opening or widening of blood vessels that results from relaxation of the muscular walls of the vessels.
Health Benefits
1. Lowers Blood Pressure
What does nitric oxide do to your body?
It does many things, including acting as a
vasodilator. That means it is able to encourage easier blood movement through the vessels so the heart doesn’t have to pump as hard. This helps decrease blood pressure.
Studies to date demonstrates how dietary nitrate intake and the resulting increase in NO production acutely
lower blood pressure in healthy humans.
In addition to positive effects on blood pressure, NO also can improve endothelial function. This is significant since
endothelial dysfunction is known to contribute to the development of artherosclerosis, which can lead to a heart attack or stroke. A
study published in 2014 in the
Journal of Clinical Hypertension found that a single administration of an oral active NO supplement decreased blood pressure, improved vascular compliance and restored endothelial function in patients with hypertension
2. Decreases Blood Clot Likelihood
In addition to decreasing blood pressure, another impressive nitric oxide function is its ability to boost heart health by making blood platelets less sticky. Why is this a good thing? When the platelets are less sticky, they are less likely to clump together and form a blood clot.
Blood clots can be potentially deadly because they can cause strokes and heart attacks.
Research shows that NO can help reduce the rate of clot formation as well as clot strength.
Researches from
Johns Hopkins have also demonstrated using animal subjects how NO can decrease blood vessel inflammation and prevent clotting.
3. Helps Erectile Dysfunction and Boosts Sexual Arousal (for Men and Women)
Nitric oxide is the “
principal mediator of penile erection.” It activates relaxation of the smooth muscle in the penis. This
increases blood flow, which is needed to initiate and maintain an erection. As men age, there tends to be a decrease in nitric oxide synthase or NOS, which are the enzymes that cause the production of nitric oxide from L-arginine. With this decrease in NOS and hence NO, there tends to be a lowered erectile response. This can be a reason why a man struggles with erectile dysfunction.
The positive nitric oxide blood pressure effects are another reason why NO seems to help ED since high blood pressure and ED have been
linked. The discovery of the nitric oxide erection relationship actually has led to the development of some of the most
well-known impotence drugs in existence today. NO also appears to
play an important role in female arousal.
4. Supports Brain Health
NO is also known to be a key player in brain health. It has been shown to be an important messenger in various organ systems, but it’s
particularly important to the central nervous system, where it acts as an intermediary in cell communication in the brain.
Research conducted at the University of Leicester reveals how NO can change the “computational ability” of the brain, which points toward NO’s ability to help neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease. A
scientific articlepublished in 2015 highlights how a decrease of NO may explain the impaired ability of patients with Alzheimer’s (and other neurodegenerative diseases) to learn new information.
5. Aids Immune System
Many immune system cells produce and respond to nitric oxide. It plays a key role in the immune system and helps fight off disease.
A
scientific review published in the
Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysicshighlights how NO is “important as a toxic defense molecule against infectious organisms.” How so? One group of immune cells in particular, activated macrophages, inhibit pathogen replication by releasing a variety of effector molecules, including NO. This is just one nitric oxide pathway that helps fight off infection in the body.
Ways to Naturally Increase NO
Possible symptoms of a NO deficiency include hypotension, insomnia, anxiety, loss of libido and erectile dysfunction. Thankfully, there are many natural ways to boost NO levels in the body.
Nitric Oxide Foods
Are you wondering how to increase nitric oxide naturally through your diet? There’s really no such thing as “nitric oxide foods,” but there are foods that are known to boost NO in the body. These foods contain nitrates, which are then converted to nitrites.
Nitrites then are converted into nitric oxide in the body.
Roughly 80 percentof dietary nitrates come from eating vegetables. If you look at any nitric oxide food chart, you’ll definitely find beets and beetroot at the top.
Foods rich in nitrates include:
- red beets
- leafy greens, including arugula (of leafy greens, this has been shown to be the best nitric oxide booster), chard, spinach and lettuce
- endive
- leeks
- radishes
- celery
- broccoli
- fennel
- Chinese cabbage
- turnips
- cucumbers
- carrots
- cauliflower
- herbs, like parsley and dill
- pomegranate juice
- oranges
- bananas
Since the cells use arginine to create nitric oxide, you can also consider increasing your arginine intake through high-protein foods rich in arginine, including grass-fed beef; wild-caught fish, cage-free eggs, dairy products like cultured yogurt, kefir, raw cheeses, seeds like pumpkin and sunflower seeds, seaweed, and spirulina.
A
2016 study published in the journal
Nutrients reveals that a higher dietary intake of arginine is associated with increased blood levels of nitrites and nitrates, which are a measure of nitric oxide production in the body. To increase citrulline (another NO booster) intake through your diet, watermelon is the best source.
Nitric Oxide Supplements and Dosage
Supplements known to possibly boost nitric oxide in the body include:
- Beet supplements: When you eat beets, nitric oxide levels can naturally increase in the body. Beets have been shown to be such an impressive nitric oxide booster that they are also available in supplement form as a juice, powder or capsule. A study published in 2018 found that drinking beetroot juice increased exhaled nitric oxide in healthy individuals. While research is still in its early stages, a scientific article published in 2014 concludes that “dietary nitrate supplementation appears to represent a promising new approach for enhancing aspects of the physiological response to exercise, such as muscle efficiency and oxygenation, which might augment performance.”
- L-arginine supplements: To increase levels of nitric oxide for ED, some people choose to take a L-arginine supplement. According to Mayo Clinic, some specific conditions where L-arginine supplements may be helpful include angina, high blood pressure and erectile dysfunction. What does L arginine do sexually? Some research shows that taking oral L-arginine might improve sexual function in men with erectile dysfunction due to a physical cause.
- L-citrulline supplements: When considering nitric oxide supplements for ED, L-citrulline is another option. Research shows that patients with erectile dysfunction are more likely to be low in the precursors to NO, which are L-citrulline and L-arginine. It appears that low levels of L-citrulline and L-arginine my increase erectile dysfunction risk by reducing the concentration of nitric oxide in the body. L-citrulline may also offer help for hypotension. One study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology, found that L-citrulline was more effective than L-arginine at lowering blood pressure and enhancing exercise performance.
Risks, Side Effects and Interactions
In the
environment, nitrogen oxides are created naturally from things like
wildfires,
lightning and
soil emissions. Man-made sources include
internal combustion engines,
power plants,
fertilizer applications and
agricultural burning.
Can too much nitric oxide be harmful?
NO is a
toxic gas at high concentrations.
Inhaled nitric oxide can be dangerous. Sometimes it is used for newborn babies that have respiratory failure due to pulmonary hypertension. Inhaled nitric oxide side effects can include blurred vision, confusion, dizziness and sweating.
More serious side effects can include rapid heart rate and bluish-colored lips, fingernails or palms.
Nitric oxide supplements side effects vary depending on which NO supplement you choose:
- Beetroot supplement side effects and interactions include sometimes making urine or stools pink or red.
- L-arginine supplements side effects and interactions include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, gout, blood abnormalities, allergies, airway inflammation, worsening of asthma and low blood pressure
- L-citrulline side effects and interactions include potentially causing a dangerous drop in blood pressure, along with other drug interactions.