The book I wanted to mention when discussing Washington perspectives of Russia before, during and after the Cold War is The American Mission and the 'Evil Empire': The Crusade for a Free Russia Since 1881, by David S. Foglesong. Now that I think about, another book on 'historical russophobia' is Creating Russophobia: From the Great Religious Schism to Anti-Putin Hysteria, by Swiss journalist Guy Mettan.
Anyway, in the beginning of the Foglesong book he discusses the observations of one George Kennan the elder, an uncle of the George Kennan who we discussed on the show. This elder Kennan was a renowned American journalist in his time (the second half of the 19th century), who travelled the Russian empire and wrote favorably about it. Until, apparently, he met exiles at remote penal colonies in the 1880s and underwent a 'conversion experience'. From then on, he was a man on a mission to 'free all Russia from slavery'.
Foglesong describes how a whole movement developed in the US - with Kennan, as THE American expert on Russia, at the center of it - dedicated to 'liberating Russia from the tsar'. Media campaigns like his contributed to grossly misinforming Americans about Russia while feeding self-aggrandizement about their mission to 'make the world better, like us'.
The thing is, they never articulated their mission as such. It was all propelled by self-lies about how morally awesome we are, and how we ought bestow it on everyone else. The lack of insight in Western man, due largely to his lack of historical-knowledge-as-self-knowledge, a la Collingwood, is the hallmark of what would become 'Pax Americana'. This, to my mind, is why official America's view of Russia is essentially consistent from tsarist to communist to democratic Russia.
It wasn't always like that though! Imperial Russia sided with the Union during the US Civil War (which Lincoln would probably have lost but for Russian support). Beginning with George Kennan in the 1880s, however, Russia moved from ally to foe, and has remained there since.